Residues of plant protection products (PPPs) are inevitably present in or on food, even when they are applied in line with good agricultural practice. The upper limit of residue permitted on food or feed is the ‘maximum residue level’ (MRL), which, in Europe, is legislated by the European Commission based on scientific advice from the (EFSA).
MRLS通过作物残留场试验来衡量，该田间试验复制了将使用PPP的现实生命农业条件。这听起来很简单，但常用的研究是常用的，以及成功的秘诀是什么？
Field trials for crop residue analysis
术语实地试验涵盖了在覆盖或开放领域种植的作物进行的试验。基本上有两种主要类型的实地试验：
- 衰退试验，其中作物 - 或“生农产品”样本 - 在收获前施用PPP和特定时间后收集，以了解残留水平随时间降低的程度
- 收获试验, which assess the residue remaining in the crop after it is harvested.
这些试验用于支持PPP物质的初始登记，并在例如，延长它的作物的范围时重新注册物质，例如当苹果上使用的农药许可的登记时延长用于其他水果作物，如桃子。
确保现场审判成功的七个顶级提示
The success of field trials can be enhanced by following some simple rules:
- Site the trials to maximize diversity: select different countries and locations for your field trials to reflect the variations that occur in climate and farming practice throughout Europe. As a general rule, a minimum of eight trials per major crop are required, and if the registration is pan-European, then these eight trials must be done in both northern and southern Europe.
- Mimic farming practices used in real life: use the kind of equipment which would simulate that used commercially for PPP applications and usual farming practices.
- Ensure the crop is healthy at baseline and without potential problems：考虑试验的位置，并尝试将试验区域引用远离现场边距，其中可能会从应用于邻近字段的PPP干扰。
- Optimize sample handling: ensure that samples are collected and frozen as soon as possible after sampling and at least within six hours. Maintain frozen conditions until samples are returned to the laboratory for analysis and ensure the timing of the analysis reflects the stability of the sample.
- Have a team with diverse expertise: having a team with expertise in agriculture and analytics ensures the studies are designed to account for growing seasons, geographical diversity and any conditions specific for optimal sampling and chemical analysis.
- 未雨绸缪：平均研究从产品的应用到报告需要大约十个月;添加到这需要对裁剪准备好应用程序，您可以看到前向规划的重要性。
- Be flexible: by having access to a wide geographic spread of field capacity which you can flex, you can easily run studies in northern and southern Europe as required and under very diverse conditions.
了解有关Covance's Reside Analytical Services的更多信息。
关于作者：
Javier Bartolomé，Covance的测试设施经理和学习总监在1999年拥有农艺和加入董事会的学位。瓦伦西亚的野外设施已达到了超过十年的GLP合规，哈维尔已经参与了所有人的研究计划和实地活动的设计Covance产品组合中的研究类型。
